- Key Roman HistoryCardo Romanus historia
The following information gives us the key events in Roman History both B.C. and A.D.
BC...
| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| 753 | Foundation of Rome - Romulus becomes King |
| 600-510 | Etruscan Kings rule Rome |
| 510 | The establishment of the Republic begins with expulsion of Tarquin |
| 451 | Foundation of Roman law established with Code of Twelve Tables |
| 390 | Rome sacked by the Gauls |
| 354 | Treaty with the Samnites |
| 343-341 | Samnite war (1st) - Rome occupies Nothern Campania |
| 340-338 | Latin war |
| 327-304 | Samnite war (2nd) - Rome influences Southern Italy |
| 321 | Truce with Samnites after defeat at Caudine Forks |
| 312 | Appian Way is built - 1st Roman Road |
| 298-290 | Samnite war (3rd) - Rome rules Southern Italy |
| 282-272 | Rome at war with Tarentum and Epirus |
| 270 | Whole of the peninsula now under Roman rule |
| 264-241 | Punic war (1st) - Rome defends Greek cities in Sicily |
| 241 | Rome defeats Carthage |
| 218-201 | Punic war (2nd) - against Hannibal |
| 216 | Rome defeated at Cannae |
| 214-205 | Macedonian war (1st) - against Philip V |
| 202 | Scipio defeats Hannibal at Zama |
| 201 | Rome controls Western Mediterranean after peace with Carthage |
| 200-196 | Macedonian war (2nd) - proclamation of freedom of Greece |
| 172-168 | Macedonian war (3rd) - Perseus defeated at Pydna |
| 148 | Macedonia becomes a province of Rome |
| 146 | Both Carthage and Corinth destroyed |
| 133 | Tiberius Gracchus becomes tribune |
| 123-122 | Gaius Gracchus implements both political and economic reforms |
| 121 | Gaius is killed |
| 111-105 | Marius and Sulla in war against Jugurtha of Numidia |
| 91-89 | Rome and allies in Social war |
| 89-85 | Rome at war with Mithridates VI of Pontus |
| 83-82 | Marius and Sulla in civil war and Sulla captures Rome |
| 81-79 | Sulla is now dictator and restores constitution |
| 78 | Sulla dies |
| 77-72 | Pompey at war with Sertorius in Spain |
| 73-71 | Spartacus leads famous slave revolt |
| 70 | Pompey and Crassus joint consuls - restoration of tribunes |
| 67 | War with Mithridates at an end - Pompey controls pirates |
| 63 | Catiline conspiracy suppressed by Cicero - Octavian born |
| 60 | First Triumvirate formed (Caesar, Pompey, Crassus) |
| 58-51 | Caesar conquers Gaul |
| 53 | Battle of Carrhae - Rome beaten by Parthians - Crassus killed |
| 49 | Caesar crosses Rubicon - civil war with Pompey started |
| 48 | Pompey loses to Caesar - Caesar becomes dictator - Pompey murdered in Egypt |
| 44 | Caesar is assassinated - Octavian adopts name of Caesar |
| 43 | Second Triumvirate formed - (Octavian, Antony, Lepidus) |
| 42 | Cassius and Brutus die (suicide) in Battle of Philippi - Julius Caesar deified - Tiberius born |
| 40 | Romans name Herod as King of Judea |
| 38 | Octavian marries Livia |
| 33 | Relations between Octavian and Antony deteriorate fast |
| 31 | Battle of Actium - Antony and Cleopatra defeated at sea by Octavian |
| 30 | Octavian has tribunition power conferred on him for life - Suicide of Antony and Cleopatra |
| 29 | Octavian returns to Rome to celebrate his triumph |
| 27 | Power returned to Senate by Octavian and receives name Augustus |
| 25 | Augustus’s daughter Julia marries Marcellus |
| 23 | Augustus seriously ill - Marcellus dies |
| 21 | Agrippa marries Julia |
| 12 | Augustus is now Pontifex Maximus - head of state religion - Agrippa dies |
| 11 | Tiberius marries Julia |
AD...
| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| 2 | Augustus is now ‘Father of his Country’ (Pater Patriae) - Julia banished to Pandateria |
| 4 | Augustus adopts Tiberius as heir who in turn must adopt Germanicus |
| 6 | Judea becomes a Roman province - post of Prefect of the Night Watch established |
| 9 | Lex Papia Poppaea passed - Varus loses 3 legions in Germany and commits suicide |
| 14 | Death of Augustus |
| 14-37 | Tiberius is new Emperor |
| 19 | Germanicus dies mysteriously and is buried in Antioch |
| 37-41 | Gaius (Caligula (meaning ‘Little Boots’)) is Emperor. He is murdered in 41 |
| 41-54 | Claudius proclaimed as Emperor and reluctantly accepts - poisoned in 54 |
| 54-68 | Nero made Emperor - great fire of 64 when Nero supposedly, but did not, fiddle |
| 68-69 | The year of the four Emperors : Galba, Otho, Vitellius and Vespasian |
| 69-79 | Vespasian starts the building of the Colosseum |
| 79-81 | Titus is new Emperor - Vesuvius erupts and Pompeii and Herculaneum are destroyed in 79 |
| 81-96 | Domitian is new Emperor |
| 96-98 | Domitian assassinated and Nerva is new Emperor |
| 98-117 | Trajan is new Emperor - conqueror of Datian and Parthian empire |
| 117-138 | Hadrian, traveller, is new Emperor |
| 122 | Hadrian starts building of Hadrian’s Wall between the River Solway and River Tyne |
| 138-161 | Antoninus Pius is new Emperor |
| 141-143 | Antonine Wall built between Forth and Clyde |
| 161-180 | Marcus Aurelius is new Emperor - his son, Commodus, shares this between 177-180 |
| 180-192 | Commodus proclaimed new Emperor |
| 193-211 | Septimius Severus new Emperor - dies in Britain |
| 211-217 | Caracalla new Emperor but rules criminally |
| 284-305 | Maximian and Diocletian are joint rulers and empire divided into 12 dioceses |
| 312 | Constantine wins Rome with victory at Milvian Bridge |
| 313 | Christian persecution ends with Edict of Milan |
| 324 | Constantine becomes sole Emperor |
| 325 | Christianity becomes religion of the Empire |
| 330 | Byzantium seat of government and is renamed Constantinople after Constantine |
| 337 | Constantine dies |
| 410 | Alaric and Goths capture and destroy Rome |